9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol (CAS 25496-72-4) — Citrus Non-olfactive Note Fragrance Ingredient

ByThe Good Scents
Citrus · Floral

9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol

CAS 25496-72-4

Origin
synthetic
Note
Non-olfactive
IFRA
Generally safe
Data as of: Apr 2026

What Is 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol?

This synthetic compound is a monoester derived from oleic acid and glycerol, primarily used as an emollient in skincare and cosmetic formulations. While not a fragrance ingredient itself, it appears in perfumed products as part of the base formulation. Its importance lies in providing texture and skin-feel benefits while being compatible with fragrance oils.

Safety Profile

GENERALLY SAFE
Generally safeUse with awarenessProfessional use
✓ Widely used in cosmetic formulations
✓ No known fragrance-related restrictions
CAS
25496-72-4
Formula
Mixture
MW
Variable
Odor Family
Citrus · Floral
Layer 1 · Enthusiast

What Does 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Smell Like?

This material has negligible odor impact in fragrance applications, functioning primarily as a carrier or texture-modifying agent. Its chemical structure suggests it would have minimal olfactory contribution even at high concentrations, making it useful for formulations requiring neutral base materials.

Layer 2

2D Molecular Structure

Glyceryl monooleate

SMILES: CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O

Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide

The Chemistry

This monoester is synthesized through esterification of oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid) with glycerol (1,2,3-propanetriol). The Z-configuration of the double bond is preserved during synthesis. As an oleochemical derivative, it belongs to the class of fatty acid esters commonly used in cosmetic formulations. Industrial production typically involves acid-catalyzed reactions under controlled temperature conditions.

Physical & Chemical Properties

AppearanceTypically viscous liquid
FunctionEmollient/carrier

Perfumer Guide

Note Position
Non-olfactive
Volatility
Non-volatile
Blending
Carrier function
ApplicationTypical %RangeNotes
Cosmetic Bases5-20%Up to 30%Texture modification
Perfume Carriers2-10%Up to 15%Neutral base

Classic Accords

Tip: Use as a neutral carrier for fragrance oils requiring enhanced skin adhesion.

Alternatives & Comparisons

1
Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4

Similar monoester composition with equivalent functionality in formulations.

2
Isopropyl myristate CAS 110-27-0

Alternative ester carrier with lighter texture and faster absorption.

Layer 3

Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability

⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer

General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.

IFRA Status

Not restricted by IFRA – primarily functions as non-fragrance ingredient.

RIFM Assessment

Not evaluated by RIFM as it is not a fragrance material.

Sustainability

Synthesized from renewable oleochemical feedstocks, primarily derived from vegetable oils. Production typically follows green chemistry principles with high atom economy. Biodegradability profile is favorable compared to petrochemical alternatives.

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References

  1. Cosmetic Ingredient Review (Year). Safety Assessment of Monoesters. Journal.
  2. Oleochemical Manufacturers Association (Year). Production Guidelines.

Data: PubChem (NIH), PubMed, RIFM, IFRA. Last reviewed: Apr 2026.

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Ingredient Data Sheet

CAS 25496-72-4

Physical Properties

Molecular Weight356.5 g/mol🔬 PubChem
LogP (Octanol-Water)6.5🔬 PubChem
Boiling Point238 °C🔬 EPA CompTox
log Kp (skin permeability)-0.26💻 Calculated
SMILESCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O🔬 PubChem

Volatility & Performance

Fragrance NoteBase💻 Calculated

Odor & Flavor

Primary Descriptorssweet• leffingwell
Functional Groupsesteralcoholetheralkene💻 RDKit
“High-grade products have only a faint, sweet-oily odor and a mild, fatty-oily taste. The presence of considerable amounts of free Oleic acid presents a hazard when the acid”📖 Arctander
Glyceryl monooleate has a characteristic odor. It is a polar lipid that swells in water to give several phases with different rheological properties. Glyceryl monooleate is a mixture of the glycerides of oleic acid and other fatty acids, consisting mainly of monooleate.📖 Fenaroli

Flavor Notes (Arctander)

“High-grade products have only a faint, sweet-oily odor and a mild, fatty-oily taste. The presence of considerable amounts of free Oleic acid presents a hazard when the acid”📖 Arctander

Regulatory Status

FEMA NumberFEMA 2526⚖️ FEMA GRAS
GRAS StatusGenerally Recognized as Safe⚖️ FEMA GRAS
Data Sources & Attribution
Physical data: PubChem (NIH/NLM), U.S. EPA CompTox Dashboard, EPA OPERA models, RDKit. Odor & flavor: Arctander (Perfume & Flavor Chemicals), Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, Leffingwell. Thresholds: van Gemert (Compilations of Odour Threshold Values). Regulatory: IFRA Standards 51st, FEMA GRAS. Trade names: Surburg (Common Fragrance & Flavor Materials). All data compiled and cross-referenced for perfumertools.com.

Physicochemical Properties

DTXSID: DTXSID3027875

Physical Properties

Molecular Weight 356.5 g/mol🔬 PubChem
Density 0.942 g/cm^3🔬 PubChem
Boiling Point 239 °C🔬 PubChem

Partition & Solubility

LogP (Octanol-Water) 6.5 Log10 unitless🔬 PubChem

Molecular Descriptors

Topological Polar Surface Area 66.76 Ų💻 Computed
H-Bond Donors 2 count💻 Computed
H-Bond Acceptors 4 count💻 Computed
Rotatable Bonds 18 count💻 Computed
Molar Refractivity 103.5 cm^3/mol💻 Computed

Data Sources:

🔬 EPA Experimental data from U.S. EPA CompTox Chemicals Dashboard & CTX APIs. 📊 OPERA Predicted using EPA's OPERA QSAR models. 💻 Computed Calculated from SMILES using RDKit.

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